Wallah indeed, cloud technology is changing the definition of the complete data center technology
With the Public cloud, organizations can easily avoid multiple silos and challenges to implementation and manage IT infrastructure. Before we start let’s just first understand the network function in the azure, there are Four main components 1 .AZURE VNET (Azure Virtual Network) 2. Azure Subnet 3. Gateway Subnet 4. Virtual Network Gateway.

A. Azure VNET ( Azure Virtual Network) :-
VNET provide address space. VNet is similar to a traditional network that you’d operate in your own data center, but brings with it additional benefits of Azure’s infrastructure such as scale, availability, and isolation.
Reference:-
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-network/virtual-networks-overview
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wb2rAYQ3Qbc

B. Azure Subnet
A subnet is a range of IP addresses in the VNet. You can divide a VNet into multiple subnets for organization and security. Each NIC in a VM is connected to one subnet in one VNet. NICs connected to subnets (same or different) within a VNet can communicate with each other without any extra configuration. Azure subnet Divide a VNet into subnets or configure routing tables and Network Security Groups (NSG) to a subnet
Reference:-
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machines/network-overview

C. Subnet Gateway
The best answer is, the gateway service looks like a router service or device that can enable routing transit between on premise and Azure / azure to azure

The Azure gateway subnet is needed by Azure to host the two virtual machines of your Azure gateway.

D. Virtual Network Gateway
A VPN gateway is a specific type of virtual network gateway that is used to send encrypted traffic between an Azure virtual network and an on-premises location over the public Internet. You can also use a VPN gateway to send encrypted traffic between Azure virtual networks over the Microsoft network. Each virtual network can have only one VPN gateway. However, you can create multiple connections to the same VPN gateway. When you create multiple connections to the same VPN gateway, all VPN tunnels share the available gateway bandwidth.
Reference:-
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/vpn-gateway/tutorial-site-to-site-portal

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